The Mozart Effect and Infant Intelligence - 1408 Words

In modern society intelligence is highly competitive and subject to scrutiny; therefore, it is understandable that a child’s intelligence is a primary concern for many parents. The Mozart effect, popularised in the 1990s, resulted in many parents believing that simply exposing their child to music composed by Mozart would improve their intelligence (Campbell, 1997). The claim was founded by research published in the journal Nature, which suggested that spatial reasoning could be temporarily enhanced by listening to one of Mozart’s compositions for ten minutes (Rauscher, Shaw Ky, 1993). It will be argued that there is not sufficient evidence to support the claim that playing Mozart to babies will increase their intelligence. Firstly, the†¦show more content†¦A study intending to emulate the results expressed in the original study was performed on preschool aged children exposing them to similar variables as those in the original study (Hui, 2007). The study sho wed no empirical evidence that listening to Mozart is more beneficial for children than ulterior conditions (Hui, 2007). This disproves the belief that listening to Mozart makes a child smarter also making the generalization from the Rauscher et al (1993) inconclusive. There are also a number of other factors that have been overlooked when comparing the finding of the original study to the Mozart effect in children. Another discerning factor expressed in the original study was the test used to assess intelligence between the participants. The portion of the Stanford-Binet test used in the original study focuses on one aspect of intelligence, namely, spatial reasoning (Rauscher et al, 1993). Therefore, it would be invalid to assume that high scores on this specific test delineate an increase in overall general intelligence. The test itself is also bias as specific cultures outperform others, as cultural environment has an influence on intelligence, which may lead to deficits in the results found (Weinberg, 1989). Sternberg (2004) found that IQ tests are effective at predicting academic success in western individuals but are not conclusive measures of overall intelligence or ability to succeed. Gardner (1999) also proposed that IQ test alsoShow MoreRelatedDoes Playing Mozart to Babies Make Them Smarter? Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mozart Effect Resource Centre website, music educator Don Campbell made the claim that â€Å"classical music has a powerful effect on the intellectual and creative development of children from the very youngest of ages.† (Campbell, n.d.). To critically evaluate this claim a number of sources have been analysed. Through this analysis it was found that the claim cannot be supported by reliable empirical research and that classical music only produces short-term cognitive enhancement. This effect canRead More Musics Effect on Intelligence Essay1194 Words   |  5 PagesMusics Effect on Intelligence Music is said to affect the intellect of humans in several different ways. Specifically, it is said to affect infants more than any other age group. Music can improve learning skills, test taking skills, concentration, heartbeat, and relaxation. Music has been proven to offer several benefits for infants, young children, young adults, as well as for adults. With all of this in mind, how can one connect music with intellect? Many recent research studies focusRead MoreMozart Effect Field Research1740 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Mozart Effect Field Research PSYCH/600 Diana Slade September 30, 2013 Dr. Debra Jennings Mozart Effect Field Research Many parents have come to believe that music, especially classical music played during pregnancy or in the nursery of their newborns would make their precious bundle of joy smarter. Is there science to prove that this is true, or is it just a quick way to sale books, cd, and videos’. The Mozart Effect drove expectant mothersRead MoreThe Mozart Effect Essay931 Words   |  4 Pagesmusic can evoke specific thoughts and feelings from the listener. But can music –specifically the music of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart- summon hidden intelligences within the human brain? That is the question scientists are trying to answer. In the mid-nineties, scientists, Frances Rauscher, Gordon Shaw and Katherine Ky, claimed that music could boost the listener’s intelligence up to 9 points (Steele 2). To many, this allegation seemed a bit far-fetched and soon other researchers began recreating theRead MoreThe Mozart Effect Essay1461 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Mozart effect† is a believe that listening to music could enhance individuals’ intelligence, and therefore lead to better performance in various spheres, such as languages and arithmetics. There are researches pointed out that listening to music while tasks performance would result in significant boost of scores. The effect of listening to Mozart’s music on spatial seasoning was looked over in 1933 by Dr. Rauscher, three common tests about abstract spatial reasoning were given to the participantsRead MoreListening And Classical Music At An Early Age Helps Make Children Smarter1843 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The Mozart-Effect is the concept that listening to classical music at an early age helps make children smarter. It has long been held that learning a musical instrument also helps develop the brain differently, and can improve math ability specifically. Over the past two decades people have wondered whether or not the Mozart-effect really works. Will listening to classical music or learning how to play an instrument increase a person’s intelligence? If so, how does it affect a person’sRead MoreClassical Music: The Mozart Effect Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mozart effect is a phenomena whereby listening to ten minutes of Mozart’s music, a person’s spatial IQ is boosted by 8-9 points (on the Stanford-Binet IQ Scale), in comparison to listening to ten minutes of a relaxation tape or silence (Rauscher, Shaw and Ky, 1993). This literature review critically assesses the key works and concepts concerning the Mozart effect, specifically its methodologies, its limits, and finally, alternative theories. While some academics argue that ‘listening to MozartRead MoreThe Myth And Its Impact On Development And Aging1805 Words   |  8 Pagesdiscovery. However, the myth has caused the public to show additional inspiration in their practices. Most scholars consider this a significant achievement. On the other hand, myths relating to intelligence and intellectual accomplishments have provided their view on human brain development. Intelligence and intellectual accomplishments are some of the most treasured achievements in the American society. Every parent looks forward to bragging about their children’s academic achievements and areRead MoreThe Effect Of Mozart s Piano Sonata K448 On Patients Who Were Suffering From Epilepsy1154 Words   |  5 PagesThe Mozart Effect is a phenomenon that occurs when individuals listen to the two piano sonata. The stated results are individuals that are able to remember information easier. There are two studies that were conducted in associated with the Mozart Effect. The first study was dedicated to spatial skill performance and its neural pathway relation to music. The other study was dedicated to challenging the first study due to the argument that any type of music that is appreciated can cause the sameRead MoreMusic Makes Children Smarter : Music Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pagessubjects. Universities have concluded that a specific part of our brain had a major role that can progress to become intellectual when exposed to classical music, and later on, was exposed to another conclusion, that classical music, only has rapid effect in specific amount of time. Professors and theorists dispute with disagreement that listening to classical music is uncertain and does not necessarily make people smarter. Listening to other music other than classical, however, was proven to be more

Business Plan For A Airasia Berhad - 5862 Words

AirAsia STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLAN THT 3107 Qian Hui Lim 408021 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary Section Page 1. The Business Plan Overview 2. Market Analysis 3. Products 4. Marketing 5. Stakeholder Relationships and Alliances 6. Organisational and Management 7. Environmental and Social Impacts 8. Risk Factors and Regulatory Compliance 9. Corporate Governance 10. Financials 11. Strategic Action Plan 12. Plan Improvement Appendices: 1. 2. 3. 1. Business Plan Overview The purpose of generating this business plan is to improve the AirAsia Berhad in the provision of air transportation services to find marketing opportunity more effectively, understand the needs and wants of each target segment. AirAsia is the Malaysia†¦show more content†¦AirAsia officially put in operation for two years, not only to pay off the debt, but also made a profit. Up to now, a total of 192 domestic and international routes, covering more than 20 countries (AirAsia Berhad,2014). AirAsia has been committed to a low-cost flight to new heights, so that now everyone can fly mission becomes a reality for six consecutive years and they also keep pursuing their vision, the world s best low cost airline along with the goal decrease fuel and oil cost per available seat per kilometer (AirAsia, 2014). 2.2 Goals and Objectives The goals of AirAsia Berhad is to provide a shorter turnaround time, cost-saving innovation and reform, safety first along with the objective of cost optimization. A basic service customer base is needed n order to locked passenger flight services to low fares in return, to honor everyone can fly commitment. AirAsia will baggage on board catering, seat selection and other personalization options become, tickets do not include these services, passengers need to be able to select the desired service in accordance with the needs of individuals (RIDING THE BOOM IN LOW-COST TRAVEL, 2010). AirAsia is committed to maximizing profits, provide cheap services. 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Several years back, it experienced tragic underperformance and reported high levels of losses every fiscal year. This was until another new company bought the organization. The latter company was referred to as Tune Air. The important element discussed in this content, is how the C.E.O of AirAsia, Antony Fernandes, revolutionizedRead MoreChallenges Faced by Managers in Practicing Organisational Behaviour6576 Words   |  27 Pagesincrease the productivity and efficiency of business in an ever changing marketplace. Armed with the tools yielded by the science of organizational behaviour, a working definition of this common term can be rendered as well as an answer to, â€Å"What do managers do?† This paper will distinguish the managerial roles practice base on the work of Henry Mintzberg and analyses managerial challenges faced by managers. As a sample of case study I have chosen AirAsia Berhad as, one of the most leading airline companiesRead MoreMicroeconomics Analysis of Air Asia3241 Words   |  13 Pagesdifference figures in the particular years. The company we selected is AirAsia Berhad. As we know Air Asia is one of the famous airline companies in Malaysia. AirAsia is a name synonymous with low fares, quality service and dependability. With over 110 routes across 13 countries, AirAsia is truly Asia’s leading airline with the widest route connectivity and largest customer base. With the unmistakable tagline, â€Å"Now Everyone Can Fly†, AirAsia has made flying affordable for more than 61million. As a largestRead MoreOrganizational Behavior in Airasia3807 Words   |  16 PagesPage 1.0 INTRODUCTION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 1.1 Background of AirAsia Berhad †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 1.2 AirAsia’s Achievement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 2.0 CONTENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 2.1 Decision Making Model Theory †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 2.1.1 SWOT Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 2.1.2 The Six-Step Rational Decision-Making Model †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2. 2 AirAsia’s Practices Operations in Decision Making †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 2.2.1 Operation of SWOT Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 2.2.2 OperationRead MoreMalaysia Airline System Berhad Company Profile6229 Words   |  25 PagesAirlines is listed on the stock exchange of Bursa Malaysia under the name Malaysian Airline System Berhad. 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Flowers For Algernon Essay Prompts Example For Students

Flowers For Algernon Essay Prompts Flowers for Algernon Flowers for Algernon by Daniel Keyes . Test and Key 1. Where is this story set? Future, in western Europe or North America 2. How old are Charlie and Miss Kinnian? 37, and 34. 3. What was the first test Charlie did, and what was it for/ What did Charlie call it? A Rorschach test, which asks the patient to say what he/she thinks of inkblots on cards. This test is to determine if Charlie is intelligent or truly retarded. Charlie called it a raw shok test. 4. How did Charlie do on the test, and why is it important? He sees no inkblots, showing that he has very little advanced thinking. He has little imagination. His brain cant do much difficult thinking, proving that he is dumb enough for the test. 5. What was the Thematic Apperception Test? It asked that Charlie look at pictures of people and make up stories about what they are doing in the pictures. This test also proves that Charlie is not very smart. 6. Who is Algernon? How does Charlie race against Algernon? Al gernon is a mouse. Charlie is given pictures of a maze that Algernon must run through to get food. Charlie must draw the proper route out of the maze in the picture before Algernon finds it himself. 7. How is Algernon special? Why does Charlie need to do this race? Algernon is 3 times smarter than other mice because he has had an operation. Charlie must race against him now so that after his own operation, the doctors can see how much progress Charlie has made. 8. What is Charlies IQ before the operation? After? What does the operation do? 68. ~204 to 210. The operation triples intelligence in the subject. 9. How do the two doctors decide if Charlie is right for the experiment? 1. He is mentally retarded. 2. He has motivation (like Algernon, but the mouse wants food), because he works hard to learn. 10. What kind of class does Charlie go to at night? A night school class for adults that are mentally retarded. Miss Kinian is the teacher. 11. Where does Charlie work? What is his job? Who is his boss? He is a janitor at a plastics factory. Mr. Donnegan is his boss. 12. Who are his friends? How do they treat him? What does it mean to do a Charlie Gordon? Frank and Joe. They make fun of him. When someone makes a mistake or does something stupid, they call it doing a Charlie Gordon. 13. Who are the two doctors who perform the experiment? What are the differences between them? Dr. Nemur is an unpleasant man who wants to become rich and famous. He is in a rush to publish his experiment as a success. Dr. Strauss is a surgeon who thinks they should wait before they say anything. He is worried about Charlie. 14. What does Dr. Strauss ask Charlie to do while he sleeps? Leave the TV on low so he can learn in his sleep. 15. What happens when Charlie drinks at the party? Joe and Frank get Charlie to show the girls how he mops toilets, so they can laugh at him. Charlie gets a little drunk, gets sick, and a policeman brings him home. 16. Who is Charlies landlady? What nice thi ngs does she do for Charlie? She is Mrs. Flynn. She lets him pay his rent late after he gets sick. She worries about him. She brings him food, and tries to encourage him to go out to work again. 17. Give examples of how the reader can tell that Charlie is getting smarter. He beats Algernon in the race. His spelling and writing get better. His dialogue with other people is more intelligent. He reads more and more books, or higher and higher difficulty. His learns several languages. He leans much math and science. He begins to think the doctors arent that smart. He starts to think other people are boring because they dont understand what he is talking about. He falls in love with Miss Kinnian, seeing her as an equal, not as an old teacher. He studies the Algernon-Gordon Effect. He predicts his own demise. 18. Why does Charlie have so much sympathy for Algernon? Algernon must pass a test every time he wants food, which Charlie thinks is not very kind. 19. What happens with Ellen? What does this make Charlie realize about his friends? Joe and Frank get Charlie to dance with Ellen. Everyone watches and someone trips Charlie. Charlie realizes this and understands that his friends are just making fun of him. 20. Why does Charlie feel sick all the time? He is afraid to see the people at work. 21. Why does Mr. Donnegan fire Charlie? What is the motivation behind it? He fires Charlie because he has been missing work, but mostly because the other workers signed a petition demanding that Charlie be fired. They want him fired because they are afraid of his new intelligence. They feel threatened by his new powers. They ostracize him and alienate him because he is different. 22. How does Charlie do on the Rorschach test after the operation? What does this tell us? He starts to see things in the inkblots, which tells us that he is developing an imagination and an advanced brain. 23. What does Mrs. Nemur do to make Dr. Nemur make quickly to publish his experiment? She wants to be married to a famous person. She is greedy. 24. How do Charlies feelings change towards Miss Kinian? What is different? He falls in love with her. He is now her equal, or her superior. He no longer sees her as an old teacher, but as a woman his age, beautiful and appealing. 25. Why does Dr Nemur develop an inferiority complex around Charlie? What does it mean? He feels angry and envious that Charlie is smarter than he is. 26. How many ancient languages does Dr. Strauss understand, and how is this important to Charlie? Dr. Strauss can only understand ancient Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. Charlie thinks this is surprising, that Dr. Strauss should know more. 27. What happens in the restaurant? How is this important in Charlies life? He sees a young busboy drop and break some dishes. The people in the restaurant laugh at the boy, and Charlie laughs too. Then Charlie realizes that people once laughed at him, and he gets angry with the people in the restaurant, screaming at them. He now un derstands what it is like to be dumb and smart. 28. What does Charlie decide to do with his new abilities after this? To spend his life increasing the levels of intelligence for all people, for the good of humanity, and for fairness among people. 29. What does Algernon do to Charlie that tells us that something is wrong with Algernon? What is happening to Algernon? He bites Charlie. The effects of the operation are wearing off. He is getting dumb again. This is important because Algernon had the same operation as Charlie. What happens to Algernon will also happen to Charlie. 30. What is the Algernon-Gordon Effect? What does it prove? It is what happens to both Algernon and Charlie. Their brains lose the effects of the operation, and they must die. 31. Why does Charlie bury Algernon in a cheese box? Because he loves Algernon and cheese is what mice love. 32. What starts to happen to Charlie? Describe his deterioration. He starts to lose his memory. Reading and spelling become difficu lt. 33. What does Charlie remember about his family? That they were not very happy. His father was a drunkard and never kept his promises. He ran away with another woman, but Charlies mom insisted that his dad was dead. This shows that we often deny the truth even when it is clear. 34. Why does Charlie chase the strange doctor out of his room? Because he makes fun of Charlie like the others once did. 35. What does Charlie tell Miss Kinnian when she comes to his door? Why? What does Miss Kinnian do for him, and why? He tells her that he doesnt like her anymore, and doesnt want to be smart any more. He is lying he wants to be smart, and he loves her, but he says these things to make her leave. Miss Kinnian pays Charlies overdue rent because she loves/loved him, and she is terribly sad about what has happened. 36. When Charlie goes back to the job at the plastics factory, how do Joe and Frank act, and why? They dont make fun of him anymore. They threaten to beat up a guy who makes fun of Charlie. They do it because they feel guilty for hurting his feelings before. 37. What does Miss Kinnian do when Charlie returns to the night school? Why? She cries and leaves. She is heartbroken -she cant live with Charlie the way he is now she is so sad about what happened. 38. Where is Charlie going at the end of the story, and why is her going there? He thinks her will go to New York to find new friends and start a new life. He takes a couple of books to read. 39. What does he say to Miss Kinnian in his final letter, and who does Charlie blame for what has happened? He says good-bye to her and tells her not to worry. He thinks that perhaps he didnt try hard enough to stay smart, even though the reader knows that isnt true. 40. What is important about the last sentence, asking someone to put flowers on Algernons grave? Charlie will die too, soon. He doesnt realize it. He will die for the same reason Algernon did. It shows that in spite of the fact that Charlie isnt very smar t, he is still kind and loving in his own way. 41. What is the irony of this story? The main irony is that society pushes away someone (Charlie), when he has the power to solve many great problems. Dr. Nemur and the workers at the plastics factory are jealous and hateful of Charlie, even though they should like him and be happy he is so smart. 42. What is the theme of the story? People are so competitive that they would rather push away a great person like Charlie rather than be near him, fearing that they will look stupid compared to him. When Charlie is dumb, everyone likes him because he isnt a threat. Society is foolish because it alienates the people who have the greatest potential to advance humanity. 43. What are the conflicts in the story: Internal: Man vs. Himself: Charlie vs. himself can he succeed? Can he fit it? Miss Kinian vs. Herself: Should she love the new Charlie, or will this be a foolish thing to do, because he may go back to being dumb. External: Man vs. Man: Ch arlie against Dr. Nemur Charlie against the plastics workers they think theyre normal. They make fun of Charlie for being dumb. They hate him for being smart. Dr. Strauss vs. Dr. Nemur: Nemur wants fame and fortune. Strauss wants to test the experiment and see if it really works. Man vs. Circumstances: Charlie vs. Society: He cannot be accepted as a dumb or a smart person. Man vs. The Unknown: Charlie vs. Universal Ethics: Charlie broke the rules by being made smart. He is paying a price of losing all the intelligence he gained, losing his love (Miss Kinnian), and losing his life. .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db , .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .postImageUrl , .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db , .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db:hover , .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db:visited , .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db:active { border:0!important; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db:active , .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0d35f65024b191de73a7a21b1d41d4db:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: INTERNET CENSORSHIP Essay Paper

Enjoyment of Working A Necessity Essay Example

Enjoyment of Working: A Necessity Essay There was a time when work was a factor that greatly contributed to the happiness and fulfillment of a person in his life.   Such was a time when great working relationships among people in the working place – whether it is a cozy corporate office or a noisy industrial plant – instilled in them the enthusiasm to look forward to each working day.   On top of the camaraderie among the workers, the purpose and daily meaning that they found in their work more than compensated for their unattractive payroll figures.  Ã‚     An article at New York Times written by Adam Cohen says, â€Å"The 1970’s were a slower age, and much of the workers’ pleasure in their jobs is related to the less demanding time clock.† (Internet)   Indeed, working during those years meant living life and enjoying each day, whether it is a working day or one’s day off from work.Working during those years afforded workers time for things that give them reasons to smil e while at work.   Cohen cited as examples how stewardess are required to spend time talking with the plane passengers and how a hospital worker can squeeze in his working schedule a visit to a patient who has nobody to visit him or to keep him company even just for a short while.   Having time for these small things makes people appreciate other people and appreciate life as a whole.   Workers during the earlier years also were proud of what they did and the roles they played in the course of doing their jobs.   Indeed, many would dismiss as insignificant the work of waitresses, bookbinders and gravediggers.   And yet, there are people in such jobs who see the significance of what they do and who, then, find meaning in attending to their tasks in their working places – tasks that they performed in their own unique styles. Their relatively small salaries notwithstanding, workers before appreciated the work given them and their jobs largely contributed to their self- knowledge and their sense of importance.The 21st century, though, brought in the â€Å"new ruthless economy†, (Cohen, Internet) which transformed workers into human machines who did their jobs and duties in exchange for their pay.   Cohen wrote, â€Å"High tech and new management styles put workers on what the author Simon Head calls ‘digital assembly lines’ with little room for creativity or independent thought.   As much as 4 percent of the work force is now employed in call centers, reading canned scripts and being supervised with methods known as ‘management by stress’.†Ã‚   (Cohen, Internet)   Jobs that have become available during the past years have significantly lessened the opportunities for employees to be creative and sociable people.   These days, everybody has become so busy at work; the pacing of transactions and movements has likewise become stressful.Thus, there came the years when the economy flourished and things have become hectic at work all over the nation.   The importance of personal relationships was set aside and almost everything then had to be translated to figures.   The decisions of management became foremost based on the bottom figures – whether each new issue represents profit or loss, additional income or expense – and even people were reduced into numbers and statistics.   A poem entitled, â€Å"The Unknown Citizen† ends as follows:   â€Å"Was he free?   Was he happy?   The question is absurd:   Had anything been wrong, we should certainly have heard.†Ã‚   (Auden, Internet)  Ã‚   The poem describes how persons can be treated as nothing but an addition to prevailing numbers representing various concerns of the society and how each person can leave no imprint of his life on earth except the contributions he made to the statistics prevailing during his lifetime.   It talks of life being bereft of relationships, passion, meaning and fulfi llment.   It actually projects life as being lived as though in a fish bowl – so limited and unexciting. The poem also projects people as mindless beings doing things in a mechanical manner characteristic of plain existence – people might as well be all robots.  Ã‚   Indeed, the present might resemble this sad picture painted by the poem, but things can be done so the needed changes would take effect.Looking at the prevailing trends and the empty, meaningless life that more and more people are living while they are in their workplaces, the question that next comes up is how America can reverse the ongoing drift and help see to the plight of the unhappily employed and unsatisfied members of the work force.   In the old days, there were workers who were dissatisfied only with the financial aspect of their jobs.   They were the teachers and other enthusiasts of their respective fields who would not trade their posts for any other but would be happier if they would be paid more for doing the things they did.   These days, the dissatisfaction is caused by both the inadequate compensation scheme in place and the general lack of enjoyment and happiness that people find in attending to their duties at work.   It is sad that millions â€Å"live in the shadow of prosperity, in the twilight between poverty and well-being.†Ã‚   (Shipler, Internet)   These are citizens for whom the American Dream is out of reach despite their willingness to work hard.   They live by the day, and they dare not look at their future which is totally unplanned for in terms of good health and financial security.   Many members of the American society belong to this caste.   They have meager means; thus, even minor setbacks like accidents can cause their entire life to be so badly affected.   The jobs they get are those so-called â€Å"dead-end† jobs, which hardly offer benefits or opportunities.   And so they take jobs simply because they cann ot afford to not take them – not taking the unattractive jobs available would mean not having food to eat and not being able to provide for their families.   They have become victims of necessity; in order to provide the basic needs of themselves and their families, they have embraced their careers without much thought of their personal satisfaction and dreams.Shipler has further written, â€Å"As a culture, the United States is not quite sure about the causes of poverty, and is therefore uncertain about the solutions.†Ã‚   In his book, Shipler has proposed that on top of the current assistance programs of the government that badly need some boost, some other steps in the right direction should as well be applied.   The society will have to do its part, while the government is hoped to implement procedures that will make life better for its constituents such as the adoption of an improved wage structure adopted, the creation of more vocational programs (in both the public and private sectors), the development of a fairer way to distribute school funding, and the sound implementation of a basic national health care plan (Shipler, Internet).Shipler does not believe that the government alone, nor any other single variable, can solve the problem.   Instead, other things will be to be as well put in place, beginning with the political will necessary for the creation of a relief system â€Å"that recognizes both the society’s obligation through government and business, and the individual’s obligation through labor and family† (Shipler, Internet).While these plans are in place and will take time to be realized, there are changes that can begin to happen now.   One big change would be in the way members of the working force of the nation generally view their jobs and what they think of the roles they play in the lives of other people.   â€Å"Work should be fun.†Ã‚   (Bakke, Internet)   Each workplace should be a h aven where â€Å"every person, from custodian to CEO, has the power to use his or her God-given talents free of needless corporate bureaucracy. A joy-filled workplace gives people the freedom to use their talents and skills for the benefit of society, without being crushed or controlled by autocratic supervisors. We defined fun to mean rewarding, exciting, creative and successful.†Ã‚   (Bakke, Internet)   Thus, Bakke hopes to lead the working people of today to regain the enthusiasm and love that people in the old days had for their work.   Despite the developments in the industrialized nation, Bakke attempts to make people see how much happier they would be by becoming like the workers during the later part of the 19th century.The machineries in place, the technologies handy and some practices have changed a lot, but some things much not change.   Even now, people still can see work as a fun thing to do.   It only requires a change in perspective and in one’s approach to work.  Ã‚   Similarly, some authors believe that if people would bring a playful attitude to their jobs and would think of work as a game, they will achieve more and find the same work more enjoyable.   There are specific ideas about â€Å"scheduling games at work, giving employees unexpected rewards, and treating employees better than customers.Even more useful, though, might be the general tips for stress reduction.   As an example of the rules given, people will have to learn to react to problems as water reacts:   it flows.   â€Å"If it gets blocked, it flows around the problem, but also gradually wears it down.   If it is dammed, it eventually finds a way over, under or though the problem.   So when all else fails, watch water flow.†   Ã‚  (Weinstein, Internet)   Some books advise that workers should learn to take themselves less seriously so as to more easily see the lighter side of things.   â€Å"Work works best when it’s regu larly infused with fun.   That makes people look forward to work – the way the aforementioned dog looks forward to jogging with its human pal – rather than dreading it.†Ã‚   (Weinstein, Internet)To start right, young people who are about to graduate and to get onboard the respective companies they have chosen should be provided ample of guidance and advice that will enable them to prepare better for the big leap that they are about to take.   Author Roberts has written:If you’re getting ready to graduate, the prospect of going out into the real world   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and starting work can be daunting†¦Ã‚   The good news is that there are many   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   opportunities for graduates (and not just in conventional ‘jobs’); tried and tested   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ways of identifying what type of work you will enjoy; and proven strategies to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   increase your chances of getting it.   The more you understand about the world of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   graduate employment, career choice and job hunting, the better prepared you will   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   be to carve out an individual and personal career for yourself, a career that you   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   will enjoy.   (Internet)Indeed, looking at the sad picture of the working class of today would make young people resolve to not end up like one of the disgruntled employees of various companies that they could see all around.   Problems of the society will be solved, and workers can do their part by solving their own issues regarding how they see their work and how they see themselves as engaged in such work.   Happiness and fun at work can be achieved; it is all a matter of seeing things differently and choosing not to be engulfed by the bureaucratic, impersonal and hectic systems of the companies today.Knowing that one must love and enjoy his work is the first step to take.Works CitedAuden, Wystan Hugh.   â€Å"The Unknown Citizen.†Ã‚   9 August 2008 http://www.cs.rice.edu/~ssiyer/minstrels/poems/386.html.Bakke, Dennis W. Joy at Work:   A Revolutionary Approach to Fun on the Job.   Seattle, WA:   PVG.   9 August 2008. http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0976268604/ref=sib_dp_ptu#reader-link.Cohen, Adam.   â€Å"Editorial Observer; What Studs Terkel’s ‘Working’ Says About W orker Malaise Today.†Ã‚   New York Times.   31 May 2004.   9 August 2008. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D01E2D71F3EF932A05756C0A9629C8B63Roberts, Leila.   After You Graduate:   Finding and Getting Work You Will Enjoy.   New York:   McGraw Hill Education, 2006. 9 August 2008.   http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/reader/0335217931/ref=sib_rdr_ex?ie=UTF8p=S00Bj=0#reader page.Shipler, David K. The Working Poor:   Invisible in America.   Vintage Publishing, 2005. 9 August 2008.   http://www.amazon.com/Working-Poor-Invisible-America/dp/0375408908.Weinstein, Matt W.   Work Like Your Dog:   Fifty Ways to Work Less, Play More and Earn More.   Random House Children’s Publishing, 1999.   9 August 2008.   http://www.amazon.com/Work-Like-Your-Dog_Fifty/dp/0375502416.For Further Reading and ResearchKozol, Jonathan.   Amazing Grace:   Lives of Children and the Conscience of a Nation.   New York:   Crown Publishers, Inc., 1995.   This b ook details the poverty that some castes in the New York society live in.   It depicts the disparity between the lives of the rich and the poor of the society.